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Mineralogical Magazine; October 2007; v. 71; no. 5; p. 493-508; DOI: 10.1180/minmag.2007.071.5.493
© 2007 Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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Mineralogical and cathodoluminescence characteristics of Ca-rich kutnohorite from the Úrkút Mn-carbonate mineralization, Hungary

M. Polgári1,*, B. Bajnóczi1, V. Kovács Kis2, J. Götze3, G. Dobosi1, M. Tóth1 and T. Vigh4

1 Institute for Geochemical Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1112, Budapest, Budaörsi út 45, Hungary
2 Research Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, P.O. Box 49, Hungary
3 Department of Mineralogy, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Brennhausgasse 14, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany
4 Mangán Ltd., H-8409 Úrkút, Hungary

* E-mail: polgari{at}geochem.hu

Kutnohorite with moderate and bright orange-red cathodoluminescence (CL) was studied by CL microscopy and spectroscopy. This mineral was found in fossiliferous concretions composed mainly of rhodochrosite from the Mn-carbonate mineralization at Úrkút, Hungary. The CL microscopy reveals that kutnohorite occurs as impregnations, layers and veinlets. X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and electron microprobe studies indicate that the luminescent kutnohorite has excess Ca (72.9–80.0 mol.% CaCO3,16.3–20.5 mol.% MnCO3, 3.3–5.6 mol.% MgCO3 and 0.0–0.5 mol.% FeCO3). Transmission electron microscopy shows that the luminescent carbonate has a dolomite-type structure, with modulated and mosaic microstructures. The CL spectra of this Ca-rich kutnohorite have a single emission band at 630 nm that is characteristic of Mn2+ substitution in the structure. Our results provide evidence for moderate-to-bright cathodoluminescence of Mn-rich natural carbonates even at 8–10 wt.% Mn and up to 2400 ppm Fe. The self-quenching of Mn appears incomplete in the case of Ca-rich kutnohorite from Úrkút.

KEYWORDS: kutnohorite, kutnahorite{dagger}, rhodochrosite, cathodoluminescence, spectroscopy, PIXE, TEM, Úrkút, Hungary






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