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Mineralogical Magazine; February 2007; v. 71; no. 1; p. 63-79; DOI: 10.1180/minmag.2007.071.1.63
© 2007 Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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Mineral-melt-fluid composition of carbonate-bearing cumulate xenoliths in Tertiary alkali basalts of southern Slovakia

V. Hurai1,*, M. Huraiová2, P. Konecny3 and R. Thomas4

1 Geological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
2 Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Comenius University, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
3 Geological Survey of Slovakia, Mlynská dolina, 817 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
4 GeoforschungsZentrum, Telegrafenberg A51, 14473 Potsdam, Germany

* E-mail: vratislav.hurai{at}savba.sk

Two types of carbonatic cumulate xenoliths occur in alkali basalts of the northern part of the Carpatho-Pannonian region, Central Europe. One is dominated by Ca-Fe-Mg carbonates with randomly distributed bisulphide globules (Fe1+xS2, x = 0–0.1), Mg-Al spinel, augite, rhönite, Ni-Co-rich chalcopyrite, and a Fe(Ni,Fe)2S4 phase. The second, carbonatic pyroxenite xenolith type, is composed of diopside, subordinate fluorapatite, interstitial Fe-Mg carbonates, and accessory K-pargasite, F-Al-rich ferroan phlogopite, Mg-Al spinel, albite and K-feldspar. All accessory minerals occur in ultrapotassic dacite-trachydacite glass in primary silicate melt inclusions in diopside, together with calcio-carbonatite and CO2-N2-CO inclusions. Textural evidence is provided for multiphase fluid-melt immiscibility in both xenolith types. The carbonatic pyroxenite type is inferred to have accumulated from differentiated, volatile-rich, ultrapotassic magma derived by a very low-degree partial melting of strongly metasomatized mantle. Mineral indicators point to a genetic link between the carbonatite xenolith with olivine-fractionated, silica-undersaturated alkalic basalt ponded at the mantle-crust boundary.

KEYWORDS: carbonatite, rhönite, potassic pargasite, bisulphide melt, Carpathians






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