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Mineralogical Magazine; August 2003; v. 67; no. 4; p. 639-651; DOI: 10.1180/0026461036740123
© 2003 Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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Rhönite paragenesis in pyroxenite xenoliths, Mount Sidley volcano, Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica

R. H. Grapes1,*, R. J. Wysoczanski2 and P. W. O. Hoskin1

1 Institut für Mineralogie, Petrologie und Geochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
2 Department of Mineral Sciences, National Museum of Natural History, MRC-0119, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 20013-7012, USA

* E-mail: rodney.grapes{at}minpet.uni-freiburg.de

Rhönite occurs in lower crustal pyroxenite xenoliths erupted in phonolite from the Mount Sidley composite volcano, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica, as a localized breakdown product, with plagioclase, clinopyroxene, ± olivine ± Ti-magnetite + melt, of kaersutite, and as microphenocrysts (with olivine, plagioclase, clinopyroxene) in pockets of basanitic melt. Rhönite after kaersutite has a more NaSi-rich/CaAl-poor composition, lower Ti, and formed at higher oxidation (~NNO) conditions than rhönite occurring as microphenocrysts in basanite. Comparison with experimentally determined rhönite stability in understaturated alkali basalt and as a reaction product after Ti-amphibole indicates that the Mount Sidley rhönite (and associated minerals) formed between 1090 and 1190°C at <0.5 kbar, presumably during temporary residence of the xenoliths in a shallow magma chamber below the volcanic edifice.

KEYWORDS: rhonöte, pyroxenite xenoliths, Mount Sidney, volcano, Antarctica, kaersutite




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