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Raman microscopic study of the Li amphibole holmquistite, from the Martin Marietta Quarry, Bessemer City, NC, USA

¹ Centre for Instrumental and Developmental Chemistry, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane Q 4001, Australia
² Woodman Summer Camp, 657 Woodmen Camp Trail, Randleman, NC 27317, USA

^* E-mail: t.kloprogge{at}qut.edu.au

The Raman spectrum of holmquistite, a Li-containing orthorhombic amphibole from Bessemer City, USA has been measured. The OH-stretching region is characterized by bands at 3661, 3646, 3634 and 3614 cm^–1 assigned to 3 Mg–OH, 2 Mg + Fe²⁺–OH, Mg + 2Fe²⁺–OH and 3 Fe²⁺–OH, respectively. These Mg and Fe²⁺ cations are located at the M₁ and M₃ sites and have a Fe²⁺/(Fe²⁺ + Mg) ratio of 0.35. The 960–1110 cm^–1 region represents the antisymmetric Si–O–Si and O–Si–O stretching vibrations. For holmquistite, strong bands are observed around 1022 and 1085 cm^–1 with a shoulder at 1127 cm^–1 and minor bands at 1045 and 1102 cm^–1. In the region 650–800 cm^–1 bands are observed at 679, 753 and 791 cm^–1 with a minor band around 694 cm^–1 attributed to the symmetrical Si–O–Si and Si–O vibrations. The region below 625 cm^–1 is characterized by 14 vibrations related to the deformation modes of the silicate double chain and vibrations involving Mg, Fe, Al and Li in the various M sites. The 502 cm^–1 band is a Li–O deformation mode while the 456, 551 and 565 cm^–1 bands are Al–O deformation modes.

KEYWORDS: amphibole, double chain silicates, holmquistite, Raman microscopy

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