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Neutron diffraction at simultaneous high temperatures and pressures, with measurement of temperature by neutron radiography

Y. Le Godec¹, M. T. Dove^1,*, D. J. Francis², S. C. Kohn³, W. G. Marshall², A. R. Pawley⁴, G. D. Price⁵, S. A. T. Redfern¹, N. Rhodes², N. L. Ross^5,, P. F. Schofield⁶, E. Schooneveld², G. Syfosse⁷, M. G. Tucker¹ and M. D. Welch⁶

¹ Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
² ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK
³ Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK
⁴ Department of Earth Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
⁵ Department of Geological Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
⁶ Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
⁷ Physique des Milieux Condensés, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75252 Paris, France

^* E-mail: martin{at}esc.cam.ac.uk

The commissioning and operation of apparatus for neutron diffraction at simultaneous high temperatures and pressures is reported. The basic design is based on the Paris-Edinburgh cell using opposed anvils, with internal heating. Temperature is measured using neutron radiography. The apparatus has been shown in both on-line and off-line tests to operate to a pressure of 7 GPa and temperature of 1700°C. The apparatus has been used in a neutron diffraction study of the crystal structure of deuterated brucite, and results for 520°C and 5.15 GPa are presented. The diffraction data that can be obtained from the apparatus are of comparable quality to previous high-pressure studies at ambient temperatures, and are clearly good enough for Rietveld refinement analysis to give structural data of reasonable quality.

KEYWORDS: neutron diffraction, high temperature, high pressure, neutron radiography, Rietveld refinement

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