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Mineralogical Magazine; December 1997; v. 61; no. 6; p. 853-860
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Alkali-deficient tourmaline from the Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit, British Columbia

Shao-Yong Jiang, Martin R. Palmer, and John F. Slack

University of Bristol, Department of Geology, Bristol, United Kingdom
Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemie, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany
U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, United States

Alkali-deficient tourmalines are found in albitized rocks from the hanging-wall of the Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit (British Columbia, Canada). They approximate the Mg-equivalent of foitite with an idealized formula [](Mg 2 Al)Al 6 Si 6 O 18 (BO 3 ) 3 (OH) 4 . Major chemical substitutions in the tourmalines are the alkali-defect type [Na (super *) (sub (x)) + Mg (super *) (sub (Y)) = [] (sub (x)) + Al (sub (y)) ] and the uvite type [Na (super *) (sub (X)) + Al (sub (Y)) = Ca (sub (X)) + Mg (super *) Y) ], where Na (super *) = Na+K, Mg (super *) = Mg+Fe+Mn. The occurrence of these alkali-deficient tourmalines reflects a unique geochemical environment that is either alkali-depleted overall or one in which the alkalis preferentially partitioned into coexisting minerals (e.g. albite). Some of the alkali-deficient tourmalines have unusually high Mn contents (up to 1.5 wt.% MnO) compared to other Sullivan tourmalines. Managanese has a strong preference for incorporation into coexisting garnet and carbonate at Sullivan, thus many tourmalines in Mn-rich rocks are poor in Mn (<0.2 wt.% MnO). It appears that the dominant controls over the occurrence of Mn-rich tourmalines at Sullivan are the local availability of Mn and the lack of other coexisting minerals that may preferentially incorporate Mn into their structures.

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