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Mineralogical Magazine; June 1997; v. 61; no. 3; p. 367-375
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Techniques and methodology used in a mineralogical and osmium isotope study of platinum group minerals from alluvial deposits in Colombia, California, Oregon and Alaska

I. C. Lyon, H. Tamana, D. J. Vaughan, A. J. Criddle, J. M. Saxton, and P. van Lierde

University of Manchester, Department of Earth Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom

Platinum-group minerals (PGM) from placer deposits in Colombia, California, Oregon and Alaska were investigated with the electron microprobe, proton microprobe (mu -PIXE) and ion probe to analyse their major and trace element contents and 187 Os/ 186 Os isotopic ratios. Most of the grains in the samples investigated proved to be essentially homogeneous alloys of Pt-Fe and Os-Ir-Ru although a few of them contained inclusions of other PGM such as cooperite and laurite. Detailed analyses were undertaken on the Os-Ir-Ru alloy phases. The 187 Os/ 186 Os isotope ratios fell into a range from 1.005 to 1.156 and are consistent with data published on PGM from other placer deposits from these regions. The ratios, together with the trace element data (and in particular the low rhenium content) determined by ion probe and mu -PIXE, indicate that crustal osmium was not incorporated in the grains and that no significant evolution of the 187 Os/ 186 Os ratios occurred during their history. These data, along with mineralogical and textural evidence, are consistent with a mantle origin for the grains through ultramafic intrusions, although the data do not entirely rule out alternative interpretations.

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